{"id":231,"date":"2017-01-17T06:54:23","date_gmt":"2017-01-17T06:54:23","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2017-01-17T06:54:23","modified_gmt":"2017-01-17T06:54:23","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/weizn.net\/?p=231","title":{"rendered":"[\u8f6c] Python \u88c5\u9970\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/python.jobbole.com\/82344\/\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/python.jobbole.com\/82344\/<\/a><br \/>\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">\u88c5\u9970\u6a21\u5f0f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u63d2\u5165\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u4e8b\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u6709\u4e86\u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u53d6\u5927\u91cf\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u4e0e\u672c\u8eab\u529f\u80fd\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8fbe\u5230\u4ee3\u7801\u91cd\u7528\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c31\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u770b\u770bPython\u4e2d\u7684\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u9700\u6c42<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u201dmyfunc\u201d\uff0c\u60f3\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7801\u5f97\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5927\u6982\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u8ba1\u65f6\u903b\u8f91\u65b9\u6cd5\u201dmyfunc\u201d\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u7ed9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u8ba1\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u590d\u8ba1\u65f6\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u628a\u8ba1\u65f6\u903b\u8f91\u653e\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\uff08\u201ddeco\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/www.weizn.net\/content\/uploadfile\/201801\/d0b5a29e45cd6dcc1bdeb4c7f7e4342b20180117065551.jpg\" style=\"margin:auto;padding:0px;vertical-align:middle;max-width:100%;height:auto;display:block;clear:both;\" \/>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u201dmyfunc\u201d\u8c03\u7528\u5904\u90fd\u8981\u6539\u4e3a\u201ddeco(myfunc)\u201d\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u6539\u52a8\uff0c\u6765\u907f\u514d\u8ba1\u65f6\u529f\u80fd\u5bf9\u201dmyfunc\u201d\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff1a<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/www.weizn.net\/content\/uploadfile\/201801\/6868e6b74f56eeaccbc2099a50f97a1420180117065552.jpg\" style=\"margin:auto;padding:0px;vertical-align:middle;max-width:100%;height:auto;display:block;clear:both;\" \/>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e86\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u6539\u52a8\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff08deco\uff09\u5c31\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\uff0c\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u6ca1\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u539f\u6765\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u662f\uff0cPython\u4e2d\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u4e5f\u662f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u201dmyfunc\u201d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u8bed\u6cd5\u7cd6<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u201d@\u201d\u8bed\u6cd5\u7cd6\u6765\u7cbe\u7b80\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/www.weizn.net\/content\/uploadfile\/201801\/d3fc5a12d7c3a07d73e898753b2954cb20180117065552.jpg\" style=\"margin:auto;padding:0px;vertical-align:middle;max-width:100%;height:auto;display:block;clear:both;\" \/>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u201d@\u201d\u8bed\u6cd5\u7cd6\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u7ed9\u201dmyfunc\u201d\u91cd\u65b0\u8d4b\u503c\u4e86\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u201d@deco\u201d\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u201dmyfunc = deco(myfunc)\u201d\uff0c\u5f53\u8ba4\u6e05\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u540e\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u770b\u5e26\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u5c31\u7b80\u5355\u4e86\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">\u88ab\u88c5\u9970\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5e26\u53c2\u6570<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">\u524d\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u88ab\u88c5\u9970\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u53c2\u6570\u7684\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u88c5\u9970\u51fd\u6570\u6709\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/www.weizn.net\/content\/uploadfile\/201801\/46b26585007f18fa02effed517d7620020180117065552.jpg\" style=\"margin:auto;padding:0px;vertical-align:middle;max-width:100%;height:auto;display:block;clear:both;\" \/>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">\u4ece\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u88ab\u88c5\u9970\u51fd\u6570\u9700\u8981\u652f\u6301\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u8981\u4f7f\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7684\u5185\u5d4c\u51fd\u6570\u652f\u6301\u540c\u6837\u7684\u7b7e\u540d\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u201daddFunc(3, 8) = deco(addFunc(3, 8))\u201d\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u591a\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u62e5\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u5171\u7528\u540c\u6837\u7684\u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff1f\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u652f\u6301(*args, **kwargs)\u53ef\u53d8\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u53ef\u53d8\u53c2\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5185\u5d4c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7b7e\u540d\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">\u5e26\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u88c5\u9970\u5668<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8bf4\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u7981\u6b62\u8ba1\u65f6\u529f\u80fd\uff1a<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" alt=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/www.weizn.net\/content\/uploadfile\/201801\/0b6a7b0c61fef3788b96b96ed4cd33ff20180117065552.jpg\" width=\"690\" height=\"537\" style=\"margin:auto;padding:0px;vertical-align:middle;max-width:100%;height:auto;display:block;clear:both;\" \/>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">\u901a\u8fc7\u4f8b\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u672c\u8eab\u9700\u8981\u652f\u6301\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u591a\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u5185\u5d4c\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u201daddFunc(3, 8) = deco(True)( addFunc(3, 8))\u201d\uff0c\u201dmyFunc() = deco(False)( myFunc ())\u201d\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u8c03\u7528\u987a\u5e8f<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53e0\u52a0\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u662f\u5c31\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u8c03\u7528\u987a\u5e8f\u4e86\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8ePython\u4e2d\u7684\u201d@\u201d\u8bed\u6cd5\u7cd6\uff0c\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528 @ \u8bed\u6cd5\u7cd6\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u76f8\u53cd\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/www.weizn.net\/content\/uploadfile\/201801\/e79947a5845bf659f2043ed5dd879cc020180117065553.jpg\" style=\"margin:auto;padding:0px;vertical-align:middle;max-width:100%;height:auto;display:block;clear:both;\" \/>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u201daddFunc(3, 8) = deco_1(deco_2(addFunc(3, 8)))\u201d\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">Python\u5185\u7f6e\u88c5\u9970\u5668<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">\u5728Python\u4e2d\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u8ddfclass\u76f8\u5173\u7684\uff1astaticmethod\u3001classmethod \u548cproperty\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<ul style=\"border:0px;margin:0px 0px 20px;padding:0px;list-style-position:outside;list-style-image:initial;\">\n<li style=\"border:0px;margin:0px 0px 5px 30px;padding:0px;\">\n\t\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">staticmethod \u662f\u7c7b\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u8ddf\u6210\u5458\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u533a\u522b\u662f\u6ca1\u6709 self \u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7c7b\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8c03\u7528<\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li style=\"border:0px;margin:0px 0px 5px 30px;padding:0px;\">\n\t\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">classmethod \u4e0e\u6210\u5458\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\u6240\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u662f self \uff08\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u662fcls\uff08\u5f53\u524d\u7c7b\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u7c7b\u578b\uff09<\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li style=\"border:0px;margin:0px 0px 5px 30px;padding:0px;\">\n\t\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">property \u662f\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">\u5bf9\u4e8estaticmethod\u548cclassmethod\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u4e0d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u770b\u770bproperty\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/www.weizn.net\/content\/uploadfile\/201801\/6b56e4f4593817d0eafdca7911c513db20180117065553.jpg\" style=\"margin:auto;padding:0px;vertical-align:middle;max-width:100%;height:auto;display:block;clear:both;\" \/>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"border:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:1;font-size:14px;\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8ePython\u65b0\u5f0f\u7c7b\uff08new-style class\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u4e0a\u9762\u7684 \u201c@var.setter\u201d \u88c5\u9970\u5668\u6240\u88c5\u9970\u7684\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\u53bb\u6389\uff0c\u5219Foo.var 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