{"id":137,"date":"2015-07-28T04:35:46","date_gmt":"2015-07-28T04:35:46","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2015-07-28T04:35:46","modified_gmt":"2015-07-28T04:35:46","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/weizn.net\/?p=137","title":{"rendered":"[\u8f6c]const\u9650\u5b9a\u4fee\u9970\u7b26\u8be6\u89e3"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n\tC++\u4e2dconst\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u91cf\u3002\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4efb\u4f55\u6539\u53d8\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u7684\u4f01\u56fe\u4f1a\u88ab\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u7f16\u8bd1\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5b83\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u662f\u201c\u53ea\u8bfb\u7684\u201d\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t
\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\uff081\uff09const\u5bf9\u8c61\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5fc5\u987b\u88ab\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5e38\u91cf\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u7f16\u8bd1\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5e38\u91cf\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5fc5\u987b\u88ab\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t
\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\uff082\uff09\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u975econst\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u4e2aconst\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tconst int constVal = 100;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tint *intPtr = &constVal;\/\/OK or ERROR\uff1f<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u51fa\u9519\u5462\uff1f<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u5199\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t*intPtr += 1;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u4fee\u6539\u4e86const\u578b\u5bf9\u8c61constVal\u7684\u503c\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u4e00\u822c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ddf\u8e2a\u6307\u9488\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u70b9\u6307\u5411\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u975econst\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u4e2aconst\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u523b\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t
\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\uff083\uff09const\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5730\u5740\u53ea\u80fd\u8d4b\u7ed9\u6307\u5411const\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t
\n<\/span><\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\uff084\uff09\u6307\u5411const\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6307\u9488\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e00\u4e2a\u975econst\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tint iVal = 20;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tconst int *iPtr = &iVal;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7iPtr\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\u6765\u4fee\u6539iVal\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u867d\u7136iVal\u4e0d\u662f\u5e38\u91cf\u3002\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u7f16\u8bd1\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t
\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6307\u5411const\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6307\u9488\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u4f5c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u88ab\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b50\u554a\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t
\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\uff085\uff09const\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u5b9a\u4e49\u5e38\u91cf\uff1a<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tint const a = 1;\u548ccons int a = 1\uff1b\u7b49\u4ef7\uff1b<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t
\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\uff086\uff09\u5f53\u4e0e\u6307\u9488\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5c31\u7a0d\u5fae\u6709\u70b9\u590d\u6742\u3002<\/span><\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tconst int *intPtr;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u53f3\u5f80\u5de6\u770b<\/strong><\/span>\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u6307\u5411\u5e38\u91cfint\u578b\u7684\u975econst\u578b\u6307\u9488<\/span>\u3002\u6307\u9488\u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0d\u53ef\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6307\u9488\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5b83\u6307\u5411\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2aint\u578b\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tint a = 1;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tintPtr = &a;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t
\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u800c\uff1a<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tint a = 1;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tint *const intPtr = &a;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u662f\u5e38\u91cf\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u975econst\u7c7b\u578b\u7684int\u578b\u53d8\u91cf<\/span>\u3002\u6307\u9488\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u53ef\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u53ef\u8d4b\u7ed9\u5b83\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5730\u5740\u503c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539intPtr\u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u503c\uff1a<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t*intPtr = 2;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u89c6\u56fe\u7ed9const\u6307\u9488\u8d4b\u503c\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u7f16\u8bd1\u9519\u8bef\uff1a<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tint b = 3;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tintPtr = &b;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t
\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tconst int a = 4;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tconst int *const cicp = &a;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u8fd9\u662f\u6307\u5411const\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684const\u6307\u9488<\/span>\u3002\u6307\u9488\u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u503c\u548c\u6307\u9488\u672c\u8eab\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u6539\u53d8\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t
\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\uff087\uff09const\u4e0e\u5f15\u7528\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/span><\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t1\u3001const\u5f15\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u8be5\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff08\u53ea\u8981\u80fd\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u5316\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u5373\u53ef\uff09\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u5bfb\u5740\u7684\u503c\u5982\u6587\u5b57\u5e38\u91cf\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tdouble dVal = 1.18;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tconst int &ir = 12;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tconst int &ir2 = dVal;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tconst double &dr = dVal = 1.0;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u540c\u6837\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5bf9\u4e8e\u975econst\u5f15\u7528\u662f\u4e0d\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t
\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u5f15\u7528\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u5b58\u653e\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u522b\u540d\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u53ef\u5bfb\u5740\u7684\u503c\u6bd4\u5982\u6587\u5b57\u5e38\u91cf\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5f15\u7528\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u4e34\u65f6\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a
\ndouble dVal = 12;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tconst int &ri = dVal;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\uff1a<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tint temp = dVal;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tconst int &ri = &temp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u7ed9ri\u8d4b\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u503c\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8dVal\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u662ftemp\u3002\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u6539\u53d8\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t
\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u7528\u4e00\u4e2aconst\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5730\u5740\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u975econst\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u975e\u6cd5\u7684\uff0c\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u523b\u9519\u8bef\uff1a
\nconst int iVal = 12;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tint *&pi = &iVal;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u60f3\u8fdb\u884c\u5982\u4e0b\u4fee\u6539\uff1a<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tconst int *&pi = &iVal;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u4f46\u662f\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f15\u7528pi\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3aconst\u7684int\u578b\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u4e0d\u662f\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u91cf\u6307\u9488\u3002\u6b63\u786e\u5b9a\u4e49\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tint *const &pi = &iVal;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t
\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\uff088\uff09const\u4e0etypedef\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528<\/span><\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\ttypedef char *cstring;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\textern const cstring cstr;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u8bf7\u95eecstr\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u90fd\u4f1a\u56de\u7b54\u662fconst char*\uff0c\u5373\u6307\u5411const\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u3002\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u628atypedef\u5f53\u505a\u5b8f\u6269\u5c55\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cctypedef\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u5b8f\u6269\u5c55\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tcstring\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\u5c31\u50cfconst int a\u4e2dint\u662f\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bf4\u660ecstr\u662fconst\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u3002<\/span>\u800ccstr\u662f\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u662fconst\u578b\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u7684\u662fchar\u578b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C++\u4e2dconst\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u91cf\u3002\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4efb\u4f55\u6539\u53d8\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u7684\u4f01\u56fe\u4f1a\u88ab\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u7f16\u8bd1\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5b83\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u662f\u201c\u53ea\u8bfb\u7684\u201d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\uff081\uff09const\u5bf9\u8c61\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5fc5\u987b\u88ab\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5e38\u91cf\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u7f16\u8bd1\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5e38\u91cf\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5fc5\u987b\u88ab\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\uff082\uff09\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u975econst\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u4e2aconst\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

const int constVal = 100;<\/span><\/p>\n

in…<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[324],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-137","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\n[\u8f6c]const\u9650\u5b9a\u4fee\u9970\u7b26\u8be6\u89e3 - Wayne's Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/weizn.net\/?p=137\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"[\u8f6c]const\u9650\u5b9a\u4fee\u9970\u7b26\u8be6\u89e3 - Wayne's Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"C++\u4e2dconst\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u91cf\u3002\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4efb\u4f55\u6539\u53d8\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u7684\u4f01\u56fe\u4f1a\u88ab\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u7f16\u8bd1\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5b83\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u662f\u201c\u53ea\u8bfb\u7684\u201d\u3002\uff081\uff09const\u5bf9\u8c61\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5fc5\u987b\u88ab\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5e38\u91cf\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u7f16\u8bd1\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5e38\u91cf\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5fc5\u987b\u88ab\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002\uff082\uff09\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u975econst\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u4e2aconst\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff1aconst int constVal = 100;in...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"http:\/\/weizn.net\/?p=137\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Wayne's Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-07-28T04:35:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u4f5c\u8005\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"zinan\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 \u5206\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/weizn.net\/#website\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/weizn.net\/\",\"name\":\"Wayne's Blog\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"http:\/\/weizn.net\/#\/schema\/person\/e88bc12c590502d8b6249326f960b264\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"http:\/\/weizn.net\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/weizn.net\/?p=137#webpage\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/weizn.net\/?p=137\",\"name\":\"[\\u8f6c]const\\u9650\\u5b9a\\u4fee\\u9970\\u7b26\\u8be6\\u89e3 - 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